Forensics, also known as speech and debate, is comprised of several categories of competitive events, which are designed
to better high school students' argumentation, speaking style and performance abilities. Tournaments are held throughout
the school year, during which students typically focus on the same areas throughout the year in order to continue
improving their skills.
Below you will find a general outline of the various areas of competition. Some events are offered nationwide,
while others are specific to California; those events that are solely statewide events are italicized.
Personal Commentary
Interpretation of Literature
Original Composition
Argumentation
PERSONAL COMMENTARY
|
Foreign Extemp |
National Extemp |
Impromptu |
| Time |
7 minute maximum; 30 minutes prior prep time |
7 minute maximum; 30 minutes prior prep time |
5 minute maximum; 2 minutes prior prep time |
| Subject |
Taken from previous 8 weeks of coverage in Time, Newsweek, US News & World Report |
Taken from previous 8 weeks of coverage in Time, Newsweek, US News & World Report |
Round 1: quotations
Round 2: general questions
Round 3: single-word abstracts |
| Research |
General reading of 3 primary source magazines; additional particular reading/filing in Christian Science Monitor, Wall Street Journal, National Review, Economist, etc |
General reading of 3 primary source magazines; additional particular reading/filing in Christian Science Monitor, Wall Street Journal, National Review, Economist,etc |
General reading in a wide variety of sources; vocabulary building; daily conversations & class discussions |
| Delivery |
Memorized outline; conversational, not "preachy" |
Memorized outline; conversational, not "preachy" |
Memorized outline; conversational, not "preachy" |
| Topic Selection |
Choice from 3 topics prepared by tournament host; files/magazines allowed in extemp prep room only |
Choice from 3 topics prepared by tournament host; files/magazines allowed in extemp prep room only |
Judge presents topics in competition room; no research material allowed |
INTERPRETATION OF LITERATURE
|
Dramatic Interp |
Humorous Interp |
Duo Interp |
Thematic Interp |
Oratorical Interp |
| Time |
10 minute maximum; no minimum |
10 minute maximum; no minimum |
10 minute maximum; no minimum |
10 minute maximum; no minimum |
10 minute maximum; no minimum |
| Subject |
Cutting from a single work; serious |
Cutting from a single work; humorous |
Cutting from a single work; serious or humorous or both |
Cuttings from at least 3 works; based in particular theme |
Speech given by a real person |
| Delivery |
Memorized; no props, make-ups, costumes |
Memorized; no props, make-ups, costumes |
Memorized; no props, make-ups, costumes |
May be read; must have manuscript; no props, make-ups, costumes |
Memorized; no props, make-ups, costumes |
| Topic Selection |
Monologue or multiple characters; should be in good taste |
Monologue or multiple characters; should be in good taste |
Multiple characters (single character allowed); presentation balanced between partners should be in good taste |
Monologue or multiple characters; should be in good taste |
Formal public oration |
ORIGINAL COMPOSITION
|
Oratory |
Advocacy |
Expository |
Prose/Poetry |
| Time |
10 minute maximum; no minimum |
10 minute maximum; no minimum |
10 minute maximum; no minimum |
10 minute maximum; no minimum |
| Purpose |
Persuasive, but no solution needs to be offered |
Persuasive, but solution must be offered |
Informative |
Creative |
| Subject |
Usually philosophical; personal reflections/opinions on a controversial topic; alert the audience to a particular situation; strengthen devotion to a cause; eulogize a person |
Practical; suggests governmental remedy to a problem either through creating a law, removing a law, or changing a law |
Describes, clarifies, illustrates, or defines an object, idea, concept, or process |
Short story, essay, monologue, or play; poetry; or combination of any; may be humorous or dramatic or both |
| Research |
Supportive statements from authority; factual evidence and statistics; no more than 150 quoted words; paraphrases allowed if cited |
Supportive statements from authority; factual evidence and statistics; no more than 150 quoted words; paraphrases allowed if cited |
Visual aids allowed but not required; supportive statements from authority; factual evidence and statistics; no more than 150 quoted words; paraphrases allowed if cited |
|
| Delivery |
Memorized |
Memorized |
Memorized |
Memorized |
| Topic Selection |
Should be current, but not overdone; must be of personal interest, easily researched, and in good taste |
Should be current, but not overdone; must be of personal interest, easily researched, and in good taste |
Must be in good taste |
Must be in good taste |
ARGUMENTATION
|
Team Debate |
Lincoln-Douglas |
Parliamentary Debate |
Congress Debate |
| Format |
Two teams of two persons each: one team affirms the proposition; one team negates the proposition |
One person affirms the proposition; one person negates the proposition |
Two teams of two persons each: one team affirms the proposition; one team negates the proposition |
A type of group discussion in which participants choose either to affirm or negate a proposition |
| Time |
90 minutes divided among speakers from two teams; maximum length of a speech = 7 minutes; preparation time provided |
45 minutes divided between two speakers; maximum length of a speech = 7 minutes; preparation time provided |
Approximately 60 minutes divided among speakers from two teams; maximum length of a speech = 7 minutes; preparation time provided |
90 minute session: individual speeches have a maximum length of 3 minutes plus 1 minute of cross-examination |
| Subject |
Determined by National Forensic League; based on an question of national or international policy |
Determined by National Forensic League; changes approximately once each semester; based on a question of philosophical value |
Determined by local tournament; three types of proposition: statements of fact, questions of philosophical value; questions of policy |
Determined by local tournament; usually a question of national or international policy |
| Research |
Specific reading in both primary and secondary sources |
General reading in both primary and secondary sources; general knowledge |
General reading in both primary and secondary sources; general knowledge |
Specific reading in both primary and secondary sources |
| Delivery |
Use of notes is allowed; conversational, not confrontational |
Use of notes is allowed; conversational, not confrontational |
Use of notes is allowed; conversational, not confrontational; wit is encouraged |
Use of notes is allowed; conversational, not confrontational |
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